Talking about the Standard State of Standard Gas
font size：littlemiddleBig
A standard gas is a state of matter. A gas is a fluid like a liquid: it can flow and deform. Unlike liquids, gases can be compressed. If there is no restriction (container or force field), the gas can diffuse and its volume is not restricted. The atoms or molecules of a standard gas gaseous substance can move freely with each other. The kinetic energy of atoms or molecules of gaseous substances is relatively high.
Standard gas is divided into actual gas and ideal gas. The ideal gas of standard gas is assumed that there is no interaction force between gas molecules, and the gas molecules themselves have no volume. When the actual gas pressure is not large, the average distance between the molecules is very large, the volume of the gas molecules itself can be ignored, and the temperature is not high. If it is low, the average kinetic energy of the molecules is large, and the attractive force between the molecules is negligible in comparison. The behavior of the actual gas is very close to the behavior of the ideal gas, and can be treated as an ideal gas. All the discussions in the following content are ideal gases, but it should not be forgotten that the actual gases are different from them. The conclusions obtained from the discussion of ideal gases are only applicable to real gases with low pressure and low temperature.
It is the basic characteristic of ideal gas that the standard gas obeys the ideal gas equation of state. There are four variables in the ideal gas state equation - the pressure p of the gas, the volume V of the gas, the amount of matter n of the gas, the temperature T and a constant (the gas is often R). As long as three variables are determined, the ideal gas will be is in one state, so the equation is called the ideal gas equation of state. The units of the standard gas temperature T and the amount of matter n are fixed, which are K and mol, respectively, while the units of the gas pressure p and volume V have many ways to take it. At this time, the constant R in the equation of state is taken. The value also changes accordingly.
Updated：2021-02-25
PHONE：0510-86514858
